Wednesday, July 28, 2010

Diputy Nazeer Ahmad; a pioneer of Urdu literature

Deputy Nazeer Ahmad Dehlvi (1836 - 1912) was a leading Urdu writer who was also a social and religious reformer, and a prominent scholar. He was a pioneer of Urdu literature whose novels are today a basic part of the educational curriculum in the Indian sub-continent (ie. India and Pakistan).

Nazir Ahmad (1830–1912) came from a distinguished family of religious scholars, maulavis and muftis of Bijnor (Uttar Pradesh) and Delhi.

His father was a teacher in a small town near Bijnore, who taught him Persian and Arabic, and in 1842 took him to study with Maulvi Abd ul-Khaliq at the Aurangabadi Mosque in Delhi. In 1846, he had the opportunity to enroll at Delhi College, he chose its Urdu section, he later said, because his father had told him 'he would rather see me die than learn English' and studied there till 1853. During this period he also discreetly arranged his own marriage, to Maulvi Abd ul-Khaliq's granddaughter.

He began his career as a teacher in Arabic, in 1854 he joined the British colonial administration, in(1856) he became a deputy inspector of schools in the Department of Public Instruction in Kanpur. And at the end of 1857 he was appointed to a similar deputy inspectorship in Allahabad. Later, for his superb translation of the Indian Penal Code in Urdu, he was nominated for the Revenue Services. He was posted as deputy collector in what was then called the North-West Provinces (i.e. modern Uttar Pradesh), and hence the name 'Diptee (Deputy) Nazir Ahmad’ by which he is popularly known.

In 1877 Nazir Ahmad was offered a well-paid administrative position in the princely state of Hyderabad. He remained there until 1884, when court politics forced him to resign and return to Delhi, where he lived for the rest of his life. He died of a stroke in 1912.

He was the pioneer of Urdu novel. He was prolific writer and published books in varied genres.

Mirat-al-Urus (The Bride's Mirror)-1868–1869-is regarded as the first novel of Urdu. After its release in 1869, within twenty years it was reprinted in editions totalling over 100,000 copies; and was also translated into Bengali, Braj, Kashmiri, Punjabi, and Gujarati.It has never been out of print in Urdu from that day of its first publication. In 1903 an English translation was published in London by G. E. Ward.

Bina-tul-Nash- (The Daughters of the Bier, a name for the constellation Ursa Major),is another great Novel by Deputy Nazeer Ahmed. It was his 2nd novel after Mirat-tul-uroos. Like Mira-tul-Uroos, this novel is also on education of women and their character building.

Taubat-un-Nasuh (Repentance of Nasuh)1873-1874- Deputy Nazeer Ahmed earned a good name in writing novels for developing moral values and guidance of young generation. His entire work is full of teachings of moral values.

Fasaana-e-Mubtalaa(1885)- another novel for developing moral values and guidance of young generation.

Ibn'ul Waqt- 1888According to one opinion novel was based on Sir Syed Ahmad Khan, but Deputy Nazeer Ahmad strongly rejected this allegation.

Ayyamah (1891)

Ruya-e Sadiqah (1892).

Deputy Nazir was a leading proponent of the education of Muslim women and he took the issue with great determination and persistence against the Muslim mindset of his era, which was generally against the education of women. Deputy Nazir was among the few who were aware of the problems and sufferings of Indian Muslims during those critical decades when the Muslim society was in a flux. He fully understood the demands of time in context of Indian Muslims. Through his novels he sought to eradicate social evils inherent in a decadent society, particularly those caused by ignorance, illiteracy and frustration. This was very effectively brought about by his novels and writings.

No comments:

Post a Comment

In article ads

Translate

Related Posts Plugin for WordPress, Blogger...

Labels

A Hameed (7) Abdul Haleem Sharar (2) Abdul Hameed Adam (2) Abdullah Hussain (1) Abid Ali Abid (2) Afgha (1) Afghanistan (3) Afsanay (247) Aftab Iqbal (1) Ahmad Faraz (181) Ahmad Nadeem Qasmi (64) Aijaz Siddiqui (1) Aitbar Sajid (66) Akbar Allahabadi (1) Akhtar Shirani (2) Akhtar ul Iman (1) Al-Qaeda (3) Aleem Ul Haq Haqqi (106) Ali Arman (1) Ali Baksh (1) Ali Sardar Jafri (1) Ali Shariati (1) Allama Iqbal (213) Altaf Fatima (1) Ameer Meenai (2) Amjad Islam Amjad (109) Anand Narain Mulla (1) Andrew Carrington (2) Anees Nagi (4) Anwar Maqsood (4) Anwar Masood (3) Arsh Malsiani (1) Articles (73) Articles on Ibn-e-Safi (5) Articles on Iqbal (9) Asad (232) Asad Ullah Khan Asad (43) Asad Ullah Khan Asad. (189) Ashfaq Ahmad (10) Ashfaq Hussain (1) Asrar Ahmad (120) Asrar Narwi (120) Astor (3) Ata ul Haq Qasmi (4) Autobiographies (3) Autographs (14) Awaz Saeed (1) Bahadur Shah Zafar (1034) Baluchistan (1) Bangladesh (1) Bano Qudsiya (5) Basheer Badar (1) Beena Sarwar (1) Benazir Bhutto (1) Biographies (7) Black Water (1) Boks by Gohar Sultana Uzma (1) Books by Abdul Haleem Sharar (1) Books by Abdullah Hussain (1) Books by Abul Hassan Ali Nadvi (1) Books by Aleem Ul Haq Haqqi (106) Books by Ashfaq Ahmad (3) Books by Bano Qudsiya (2) Books by Colonel Muhammad Khan (2) Books by Dr. Qasim Jalal (2) Books by Fahmida Kosar (1) Books by Habib Jalib (1) Books by Hashim Nadeem Khan (4) Books by Ibn-e-Insha (1) Books by Ibn-e-Safi (244) Books by Iffat Seher Pasha (1) Books by Javed Danish (1) Books by Khaqan Sajid (1) Books by Maha Malik (1) Books by Mazhar Kaleem (398) Books by Mir Taqi Mir (1) Books by Mirza Ghalib (1) Books by Mirza Hadi Ruswa (1) Books by Mumtaz Mufti (1) Books by Naseem Hijazi (27) Books by Parveen Shakir (6) Books by Premchand (1) Books by Qanita Rabia (1) Books by Qudratullah Shahab (4) Books by Riffat Siraj (6) Books by Rukhsana Nigar Adnan (20) Books by Shakeeb Jalali (1) Books by Shazia Chaudhry (1) Books by Shibli Naumani (1) Books by Taqi Usmani (2) Books by Tariq Ismail Sagar (72) Books by Umaira Ahmad (25) Books by Umm-e-Maryam (1) Books by Younus Javed (1) Books List (3) Brij Narain Chakbast (1) Bulleh Shah (1) Bushra Farrukh (1) Chacha Chakkan (11) Charagh Hassan Hasrat (1) Chillas (3) Colonel Muhammad Khan (3) Columnists (12) Columns (5) Comedy (22) Controversy (1) Dassu (1) December (1) Deputy Nazeer Ahmad (1) Dilawar Figar (1) Dr. Ahmad Safi (3) Dr. Anwar Zahidi (1) Dr. Aslam Farrukhi (1) Dr. Isar Ahmad Safi (1) Dr. Israr Ahmad (1) Dr. Kanwal Feroze (1) Dr. Mohsin Maghiana (1) Dr. Moinuddin Aqeel (1) Dr. Naseer Ahmad NAsir (2) Dr. Qasim Jalal (2) Dr. Rasheed Amjad (1) Dr. Safdar Mahmood (1) Dr. Saleem Wahid Saleem (1) Dr. Tahir-ul-Qadri (1) Dr. Waheed Ahmad (1) Drama (3) Drama by Naseem Hijazi (1) Drama Writers (7) Ehsan Sehgal (1) Eid Mubarak (1) Essays (18) Fahmida Kasar (1) Fahmida Riaz (1) Faiz Ahmad Faiz (9) Fani Badayuni (1) Fatima Surayya Bajia (1) Firaq Gorakhpuri (1) General Parvez Musharraf (2) Ghalib (232) Ghazals (2082) Ghazals by Ahmad Faraz (156) Ghazals by Ahmad Nadeem Qasmi (33) Ghazals by Aitbar Sajid (56) Ghazals by Amjad Islam Amjad (52) Ghazals by Bahadur Shah Zafar (1032) Ghazals by Habib Jalib (197) Ghazals by Ibn-e-Insha (12) Ghazals by Iftikhar Arif (17) Ghazals by John Elia (45) Ghazals by Mir Taqi Mir (136) Ghazals by Mirza Ghalib (189) Ghazals by Samina Raja (88) Ghazals by Shakeeb Jalali (73) Ghulam Abbas (13) Ghulam Bhik Nairang (2) Gilgit (3) Gilgit Baltistan (3) Gohar Sultana Uzma (1) Golden Temple (2) Greetings (2) Gul Naukhaiz Akhtar (1) Gulzar (2) Habeeb Jalib (273) Habib Jalib (274) Hafeez Jallandhari (2) Hafeez Taib (1) Haider Qureshi (27) Hakeem Ahmad Shuja (1) Hamd (2) Hamd by Iftikhar Arif (1) Hamd by Mir Taqi Mir (1) Hameed Akhtar (2) Hashim Nadeem Khan (5) Hasrat Jaipuri (1) Hassan Abidi (1) Hassan Askari (2) Himayat Ali Shair (1) Historic Novels by Naseem Hijzai (2) Historical Novels (18) Historical Novels by Naseem Hijzai (16) History (18) Humor Novel (1) Humor Novel by Naseem Hijazi (2) Humorists (15) Hunza (3) Ibn-e-Insha (107) Ibn-e-Safi (253) Ibn-e-Safi Autograph (1) Ibrahim Jalees (2) Ibrahim Zauq (1) Iffat Seher Pasha (1) Iftikhar Arif (37) Ihsan Danish (2) Imam Baksh Nasikh (1) Imran Series (520) Imran Series by Ibn-e-Safi (120) Imran Series by Mazhar Kaleem (398) Imtiaz Ali Taj (12) India (6) Indra Gandhi (1) Insha Jee (104) Interviews (1) Intizar Hussain (6) Iraq (3) Ishtiaq Ahmad (1) ISI (1) Islamic Books (3) Ismat Chughtai (4) Israr-ul-Haq Majaz (2) Jagannath Azad (1) Jamal Ihsani (1) Jameel-ud-Din Aali (2) Jamia Hafsa (1) Jan Nisar Akhtar (1) Jangannath Azad (1) Jasoosi Dunya (124) Jasusi Adab (1) Jasusi Dunya (2) Javed Akhtar (1) Javed Danish (1) Jazib Qureshi (1) Jedendar Pal (1) Jigar Muradabadi (2) Jihad (6) John Elia (64) Josh Malihabadi (2) Joun Elia (65) Journalists (1) Kaifi Azmi (4) Kashmir (1) Khakay (15) Khaleel-Ur-Rahman Azmi (1) Khaqan Sajid (2) Khumar Barabankvi (1) Khwaja Ahmad Abbas (2) Khwaja Haider Ali Aatish (1) Khwaja Mir Dard (1) Kishwar Naheed (1) Kohistan (1) Krishen Chander (8) Kuwait (1) Lal Masjid (2) maha Malik (1) Majeed Amjad (1) Majrooh Sultanpuri (3) Makhdoom Muhiuddin (1) Mansha Yaad (5) Masnawi (4) Masnawi by Mir Taqi Mir (4) Maulana Altaf Hussain Hali (1) Maulana Ghulam Rasool Meher (1) Maupassant (3) Mazhar Kaleem (399) Meer (142) Meer Anees (1) Meer Taqi Meer (143) Mir (142) Mir Taqi Mir (144) Mirza Amjad Baig (1) Mirza Asad Ullah Khan Ghalib (232) Mirza Athar (1) Mirza Ghalib (235) Mirza Hadi Ruswa (2) Mirza Khan Daag (1) Mohsin Naqvi (3) Momin Khan Momin (1) Mufti (2) Muhammad Aasim Butt (18) Muhammad Izhar-Ul-Haq (1) Muhammad Rafi Sauda (1) Muhammad Taqi (142) Mukti Bahini (1) Mumtaz Mufti (6) Muneer Niazi (4) Munshi Premchand (16) Murtaza Birlas (1) Mushtaq Ahmad Yusufi (3) Muslim Saleem (1) Mustafa Rahi (1) Mustafa Zaidi (1) Mustansar Hussain Tarar (2) Muztar Khairabadi (1) Na'at (4) Na'at by Ahmad Nadeem Qasmi (1) Na'at by Mir Taqi Mir (1) Na'at by Samina Raja (1) Na'ats by Bahadur Shah Zafar (1) Naeem Amrohvi (1) Naeem Arshad (1) Nagar (3) Naieyer Masud (1) Naresh Kumar Shad (1) Naseem Hijazi (27) Nasir Kazmi (5) National Anthem of Pakistan (1) NATO (2) Nazmain (17) Nida Fazli (1) Noon Meem Danish (1) Noon Meem Rashid (3) Northen Areas of Pakistan (3) Noshi Gillani (1) Novelists (47) Novels (889) Novels by Ibn-e-Safi (121) Novels by Mazhar Kaleem (398) Novels by Naseem Hijazi (21) Novels by Tariq Ismail Sagar (47) Nushoor Wahidi (1) O Henry (2) Operation Blue Star (2) Pagal Adilabadi (1) Paigham Aafaqi (1) Pakistan (22) Pandit Hari Chand Akhtar (1) Parveen Shakir (11) Parween Shakir (6) Patras Bukhari (7) Philosophers (1) Pieces (1) Pirzada Qasim Raza (1) Poems (584) Poems by Ahmad Faraz (23) Poems by Ahmad Nadeem Qasmi (18) Poems by Aitbar Sajid (11) Poems by Allama Iqbal (198) Poems by Amjad Islam Amjad (54) Poems by Habib Jalib (75) Poems by Ibn-e-Insha (64) Poems by Iftikhar Arif (16) Poems by John Elia (19) Poems by Samina Raja (90) Poems by Shakeeb Jalali (17) Poetry (2747) Poetry Books (10) Poetry by Ahmad Faraz (179) Poetry by Ahmad Nadeem Qasmi (51) Poetry by Aitbar Sajid (65) Poetry by Allama Iqbal (198) Poetry by Amjad Islam Amjad (106) Poetry by Bahadur Shah Zafar (1033) Poetry by Habib Jalib (272) Poetry by Ibn-e-Insha (74) Poetry by Iftikhar Arif (36) Poetry by John Elia (64) Poetry by Mir Taqi Mir (143) Poetry by Mirza Ghalib (233) Poetry by Parveen Shakir (6) Poetry by Samina Raja (179) Poetry by Shakeeb Jalali (91) Poets (146) Professor Hameed Ahmad Khan (1) Professor Sahar Ansari (1) Punjabi (1) Putras Bukhari (1) Qabil Ajmeri (1) Qamar Ali Abbasi (1) Qanita Rabia (1) Qasaayid (11) Qasayid by Mirza Ghalib (11) Qaseeda (11) Qaseeda by Mirza Ghalib (11) Qateel Shifai (3) Quartrain (32) Quartrains by Mirza Ghalib (32) Qudrat Ullah Shahab (5) Qurrat-ul-Ain Haider (4) Raaz Chandpuri (1) Raees Amrohi (1) Rahat Indori (1) Raja Mehdi Ali Khan (1) Rajinder Singh Bedi (4) Ram Lal (1) Rashid Jahan (1) Ravish Siddiqui (1) RAW (1) Razia Butt (1) Riffat Siraj (6) Rubaiyat (32) Rubayi (32) Rubayi by Mirza Ghalib (32) Rukhsana Nigar Adnan (20) Russia (1) Sa'adat Hassan Manto (111) Sadam Hussain (2) Safi Lakhnavi (1) Saghar Siddiqui (1) Sahir Hoshiarpuri (1) Sahir Ludhianvi (2) Sajjad Zaheer (1) Samina Raja (181) Satyapal Anand (1) Saud Usmani (1) Sayed Abul Hassan Ali Nadvi (4) Sayyid Maududi (2) Sazeen (1) Scholars (12) Seemab Akbarabadi (1) Seerat-e-Rasool (1) Shabnam Romani (1) Shafeeq Ur Rahman (2) Shakeb Jalali (91) Shakeeb Jalali (94) Shakeel Badayuni (1) Shakib Jalali (91) Shameem Karhani (1) Shamsur Rahman Faruqi (1) Shan-ul-Haq Haqqi (2) Sharif Hussain (22) Shaukat Siddiqui (6) Shaukat Thanvi (3) Shazia Chaudhry (1) Sheikh Abdul Qadir (1) Shibli Naumani (2) Short Stories by A Hameed (4) Short Stories by Ahmad Nadeem Qasmi (8) Short Stories by Ashfaq Ahmad (4) Short Stories by Bano Qudsiya (2) Short Stories by Ghulam Abbas (12) Short Stories by Gulzar (1) Short Stories by Haider Qureshi (26) Short Stories by Hassan Askari (1) Short Stories by Ibn-e-Insha (3) Short Stories by Ibrahim Jalees (1) Short Stories by Intizar Hussain (4) Short Stories by Ismat Chughtai (2) Short Stories by Jogendar Pal (1) Short Stories by Khwaja Ahmad Abbas (1) Short Stories by Krishen Chander (6) Short Stories by Mansha Yaad (2) Short Stories by Manto (109) Short Stories by Maupassant (3) Short Stories by Mirza Amjad Baig (1) Short Stories by Muhammad Aasim Butt (17) Short Stories by Mumtaz Mufti (4) Short Stories by Premchand (14) Short Stories by Qudrat Ullah Shahab (1) Short Stories by Qurrat-ul-Ain Haider (2) Short Stories by Rajinder Singh Bedi (3) Short Stories by Ram Lal (1) Short Stories by Shafeeq Ur Rahman (1) Short Stories by Shaukat Siddiqui (3) Short Stories by Shaukat Tahnvi (1) Short Stories Lists (6) Short Story Writers (41) Siddiq Salik (1) Sikandar Ali Wajd (1) Siraj Aurangabadi (1) Skardu (3) Stories (11) Sudarshan Faakir (1) Sufi Tabassum (1) Sufis (5) Sulaiman Areeb (1) Sulaiman Nadvi (2) Syed Al-e-Ahmad (1) Tabish Dehlvy (1) Taliban (4) Taqi Usmani (3) Tarannum Riaz (1) Tariq Ismail Sagar (26) Tilok Chand Mahroom (1) Translated Books (1) Translated Short Stories (5) Translated Urdu Books (1) Travelogue Writers (11) Travelogues (16) Travelogues by Naseem Hijazi (1) Travelogues by Tariq Ismail Sagar (2) Ubaidullah Aleem (2) Ubaidullah Baig (1) Umaira Ahmad (26) Umm-e-Hassan (1) Umm-e-Maryam (1) United States of America (7) Urdu (197) Urdu Books (951) Urdu Pieces (14) USA (6) Usama Bin Laden (3) Ustad Daman (1) Videos (5) Waheed Akhtar (1) Wali Deccani (2) Wasi Shah (1) Wasif Ali Wasif (2) Wazeer Agha (4) Yagana Changezi (1) Yasmeen Hameed (1) Younus Javed (1) Yousuf Saleem Chishti (1) Zafar (1033) Zafar Iqbal (1) Zameer Jafri (3) Zarina Sani (1) Zohra Nigah (1)